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Online Published: 26 Apr 2024
 


Validity and Reliability of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised among Nigerian Medical Students

Olaolu A. Olasubulu, Emmanuel A. Essien, Maxwell B. Ugobo, Emmanuel O. Olose, Joseph Okegbe, Bassey E. Edet.


Abstract
BACKGROUND: The Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) is used globally to assess workplace bullying. However, its validity and reliability have not been assessed among Nigerians.
Aim: This study assessed the validity and reliability of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised among medical students at the University of Calabar, Nigeria.
METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Calabar. All 123 students in the fifth-year class were approached for participation. The Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were administered concurrently. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 23.
RESULT: We recruited 119 participants (response rate, 96.74%). Most were males [68, 57.1%] and unmarried [114, 95.8%]. The mean age of the sample was 25.2 (SD=3.2). Probable mental disorder was identified in 52 (43.7%) students, while 64 (53.8%) and 25 (21.0%) were classified as occasionally bullied or bullied, respectively. The correlation between the NAQ-R and the GHQ-12 was 0.47 (p<0.0001). The NAQ-R demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.92). Logistic regression indicated that students experiencing occasional bullying were over three times more likely to screen positive on the GHQ-12 (OR: 3.58, 95% CI: 1.27 - 10.12). Furthermore, those regularly bullied were about ten times more likely to screen positively on the GHQ-12 compared to students who did not report bullying (OR: 9.78, 95% CI: 2.77 - 34.44, p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised is a potentially useful measure of workplace bullying among Nigerians.

Key words: Bullying, Medical Students, Reproducibility of Results, Nigeria


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Olasubulu OA, Essien EA, Ugobo MB, Olose EO, Okegbe J, Edet BE. Validity and Reliability of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised among Nigerian Medical Students. crjmed. 2024; 3(1): 27-30. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.196076

Web Style

Olasubulu OA, Essien EA, Ugobo MB, Olose EO, Okegbe J, Edet BE. Validity and Reliability of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised among Nigerian Medical Students. https://www.crjmed.com/?mno=196076 [Access: October 28, 2024]. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.196076

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Olasubulu OA, Essien EA, Ugobo MB, Olose EO, Okegbe J, Edet BE. Validity and Reliability of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised among Nigerian Medical Students. crjmed. 2024; 3(1): 27-30. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.196076


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Olasubulu OA, Essien EA, Ugobo MB, Olose EO, Okegbe J, Edet BE. Validity and Reliability of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised among Nigerian Medical Students. crjmed. (2024), [cited October 28, 2024]; 3(1): 27-30. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.196076


Harvard Style

Olasubulu, O. A., Essien, . E. A., Ugobo, . M. B., Olose, . E. O., Okegbe, . J. & Edet, . B. E. (2024) Validity and Reliability of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised among Nigerian Medical Students. crjmed, 3 (1), 27-30. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.196076


Turabian Style

Olasubulu, Olaolu A., Emmanuel A. Essien, Maxwell B. Ugobo, Emmanuel O. Olose, Joseph Okegbe, and Bassey E. Edet. 2024. Validity and Reliability of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised among Nigerian Medical Students. Cross River Journal of Medicine, 3 (1), 27-30. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.196076


Chicago Style

Olasubulu, Olaolu A., Emmanuel A. Essien, Maxwell B. Ugobo, Emmanuel O. Olose, Joseph Okegbe, and Bassey E. Edet. "Validity and Reliability of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised among Nigerian Medical Students." Cross River Journal of Medicine 3 (2024), 27-30. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.196076


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Olasubulu, Olaolu A., Emmanuel A. Essien, Maxwell B. Ugobo, Emmanuel O. Olose, Joseph Okegbe, and Bassey E. Edet. "Validity and Reliability of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised among Nigerian Medical Students." Cross River Journal of Medicine 3.1 (2024), 27-30. Print. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.196076


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Olasubulu, O. A., Essien, . E. A., Ugobo, . M. B., Olose, . E. O., Okegbe, . J. & Edet, . B. E. (2024) Validity and Reliability of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised among Nigerian Medical Students. Cross River Journal of Medicine, 3 (1), 27-30. doi:10.5455/CRJMED.196076


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